Current and predicted pattern of global climate change are major concern in many areas of agriculture, forestry and is big threat for biodiversity and ecosystem. Climate change is result from emission of greenhouse gases in past that will cause atmospheric warming. A report from governmental panel on climate change result carbon dioxide from agriculture at large extent from microbial decay or burning of plant residues and organic matter. The effect of climate change are particularly obvious over last 30 years in natural environment and it will effect all level of life such as individuals, species communities. One of the big problem for every country is how to adapt future climate change. Agriculture is one of the sector which is sensitive to global warming. Impact of climate change is vital task in developed as well as developing countries because of many interdependent biological chemical and physical process going on earth. Warming directly affects rate of plant respiration, photosynthesis and other biogeochemical processes. Enhanced carbon dioxide concentration increase photosynthesis rate especially for plant growth under dry and warm condition in C3 plants. Naturally plants have their own mechato tolerate certain level of increased temperature, as soil temperature increased, the decomposition rate of organic matter will increase, then nutrient mineralization and availability for plants uptake become increased at presence of sufficient water if other conditions are unchanged.
The interaction and different combination effect rise carbon dioxide concentration and temperature is determined by soil properties, water, mineral and nutrient availability. Two basic measures are necessary to reduce impacts of climate change (1) practicing mitigation reducing causes of climate change) by reducing emission of greenhouse gases from the source,by conservation of energy (2)practicing potential adaptation measures. The ecosystem and balance between different dominating species and abiotic factors can be highly affected by climate change. Tree cover provides habitat for numerous herbaceous plants, fungi and lichens,small and large animals. Thus, loss of tree will affect virtually all species that makes complex forest system. Forest provides many services to human being and natural system such as provision of food, medicine, regulation of hydro logic cycle and aesthetic value. Forest regulates atmospheric change of light energy, carbon dioxide and water. Plants have their own natural mechanism to tolerate some level of adverse conditions, physiological response of forest under climate change are highly determined by limiting factors of particular site of forest growth. Climate change effects the growth of plant in many ways, first is carbon dioxide levels increase, plants need less water to do photosynthesis. This well documented effect was long thought to mean that there would be more fresh water available in soils and streams. But second effect is A warning world means longer and warmer growing seasons, which gives plants more time to grow and water drying the land. Researchers shown a third effect as carbon dioxide levels rise, it amps up photosynthesis. Plants in this hotter, carbon dioxide rich environment grow bigger, with more leaves now computer modeling shows that much enhanced leaf evaporation has a larger effect on runoff and soil moisture previous climate research has found an 80percent likelihood of a 35 year or long ;mega drought ;striking the southwest and central. Great plains by 2100 with business as usual carbon dioxide emission. Moderate reduction in emissions will only reduce this risk to 60 percent carbon dioxide levels are increasing at rate of 2pp per year with continuous use of coal, gas oil that would do able to 560ppm by 2100.One major impact of climate is drought. Water deficit cause serious threat to crop productivity and food security in many parts of world due to poor or erratic rainfall and depletion of ground water reserves. We have to take some strict steps to reduce climate change effect. First of all we need to reduce our global greenhouse gas emission. We need governments, businesses and investors to setup and work together to take action climate science demands. Recover heat from process, cool water and convert biomass to gas in local communities. Discover our climate impact and opportunities
